{"id":1220,"date":"2024-08-12T09:40:29","date_gmt":"2024-08-12T06:40:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.quickcarbon.com\/tr\/?p=1220"},"modified":"2024-09-16T13:50:59","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T10:50:59","slug":"biyocesitlilik-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.quickcarbon.com\/tr\/blog\/biyocesitlilik-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Gezegenimiz, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir ya\u015fam \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine sahip ve ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar bir \u015fekilde birbirleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Hatta d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi \u00f6ylesine zengindir ki baz\u0131 t\u00fcrler hen\u00fcz ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015ftir. Ancak, insan faaliyetleri nedeniyle pek \u00e7ok canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc yok olma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. Yani gelecekte biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin artma ihtimali risk alt\u0131nda gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki ya\u015fam \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terim. Herhangi bir b\u00f6lgede veya ekosistemde ya\u015fayan insan, hayvan, bakteri, bitki ve mantar d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere her canl\u0131y\u0131 i\u00e7ine al\u0131r. Bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.2 milyon t\u00fcr tespit edilmi\u015f ve tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6cekler olu\u015fturur. Bununla birlikte d\u00fcnyada 8.7 milyon ya\u015fam \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin var oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Yani bug\u00fcne dek d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrlerin yaln\u0131zca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ke\u015ffedildi ve geriye kalan b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 ke\u015ffedilmeyi bekliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik; genetik, t\u00fcr ve ekosistem \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 grupta incelenir. Bunlara yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Bir t\u00fcr i\u00e7erisinde yer alan canl\u0131lar\u0131n genetik yap\u0131lar\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar, genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik i\u00e7erisinde incelenir. Ayn\u0131 t\u00fcr i\u00e7erisindeki canl\u0131lar bulunduklar\u0131 \u00e7evreye uyum sa\u011flayarak hayatta kal\u0131r. Bu canl\u0131lar\u0131n farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalarda hayatta kalabilmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 genetik \u00f6zellikler geli\u015ftirmesi, genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Belirli bir ekosistemde bulunan t\u00fcrlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve say\u0131s\u0131, bu kategoride incelenir. Bir ormandaki a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrleri ya da bir mercan resifindeki bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri, t\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ekosistemler; bitki, hayvan gibi canl\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra su hava, mineral gibi cans\u0131z varl\u0131klardan da olu\u015fur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, tropikal ormanlar ve mercan resifleri birer ekosistemdir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin t\u00fcm seviyelerde incelenmesi; ya\u015fam\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren evrimsel ko\u015fullar\u0131n, ekolojik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik Neden \u00d6nemli?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin azalmas\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7ok olumsuz etkisi var ve bu azalma riski daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar ciddi seviyeye gelmi\u015f durumda. Bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerinden biri, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zm\u0131\u015f gibi kullanmas\u0131 ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten yap\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131mlar atmamas\u0131. Peki, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik neden \u00f6nemli?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Ekosistemlerin \u00dczerindeki Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ekosistemlerden yaln\u0131zca birini kaybetmek, gezegen a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir felakete yol a\u00e7maz fakat ciddi sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilecek bir s\u00fcrecin ba\u015flamas\u0131na neden olur. Birden fazla ekosistemin yok olmas\u0131 ya da ekosistemlerin yok olma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olmas\u0131 ise acil \u00f6nlem gerektirecek kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorundur. Ormanlar gibi geni\u015f ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda ve metropollerde de biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin azalmas\u0131, ekosistemlerin zay\u0131flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Zay\u0131flayan ekosistemler insanlar\u0131n temiz su, g\u0131da ve ila\u00e7 gibi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00d6rne\u011fin, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck mercan resifi konumunda bulunan Avustralya’daki Great Barrier Reef yakla\u015f\u0131k 2500 bireysel resiften olu\u015fuyor. Bu inan\u0131lmaz ekosistem i\u00e7erisinde 1500’den fazla bal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc, 400’den fazla mercan t\u00fcr\u00fc ve 4.000 yumu\u015fak\u00e7a t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunuyor. Ayr\u0131ca say\u0131s\u0131z deniz canl\u0131s\u0131 ve ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc de resifte ya\u015f\u0131yor. Ancak deniz suyu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanma, kirlilik, k\u0131y\u0131lardaki kalk\u0131nma bask\u0131s\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rler mercan a\u011farmas\u0131 ve mercan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc oranlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla B\u00fcy\u00fck Mercan Resifi’ndeki biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik ciddi bir tehlike alt\u0131na girdi. Tabii bu durum yaln\u0131zca biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi etkilemekle kalmad\u0131. Avustralya ekonomisi i\u00e7in ciddi bir gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 olan turizm de olumsuz etkilendi ve bu sekt\u00f6rde faaliyet g\u00f6steren insanlar ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamaz h\u00e2le geldi. K\u0131sacas\u0131 bu muhte\u015fem biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in koruma ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerindeki Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Do\u011fal ya\u015fam tahrip edildik\u00e7e biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik bozulur ve bu durum salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k riskini art\u0131r\u0131r. Bug\u00fcne dek yay\u0131lan viral hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %70’lik k\u0131sm\u0131 hayvanlardan insanlara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bunun en temel nedeni kalk\u0131nma projelerinin tropik ormanlara do\u011fru derinle\u015fmesi ve insanlar\u0131n yaban hayvanlarla olan etkile\u015fiminin artmas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece insanlar\u0131n vah\u015fi hayvanlar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131klara yakalanma ihtimali art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterir. Nitekim COVID-19 pandemisi bunun en ac\u0131 verici \u00f6rneklerinden biri olarak h\u00e2l\u00e2 tazeli\u011fini koruyor. COVID-19 pandemisi yaln\u0131zca insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden bir bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131k olarak kalmad\u0131, k\u00fcresel ekonomiye de zarar vererek toplumlar\u0131n refah seviyesinin d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden oldu. Sonu\u00e7 olarak do\u011fan\u0131n, ekosistemlerin ve biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin zarar g\u00f6rmesi insanlar\u0131n da sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve refah\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130klim \u00dczerindeki Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131, karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, insanlar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu sera gaz\u0131 emisyonunun %11’lik k\u0131sm\u0131 ormanlar\u0131n tahrip edilmesi sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla dokular\u0131nda karbon depolayan bitkilerin ve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131, daha az sera gaz\u0131 emisyonunu anlam\u0131na gelir. Ayr\u0131ca iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n, f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131n, sel felaketlerinin durdurulmas\u0131 konusunda orman ve sulak alan ekosistemleri \u00f6nemli bir tampon g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Conservation International taraf\u0131ndan 2017’de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f olan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar hedeflenen karbon emisyonu azalt\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131n %30’luk k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fa taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanabilece\u011fini ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ekonomi \u00dczerindeki Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Biyolojik kaynaklar d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Nitekim bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin en az %40’\u0131n\u0131, yoksullar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n da yakla\u015f\u0131k %80’lik k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 biyolojik kaynaklar kar\u015f\u0131lar. Bug\u00fcn milyonlarca insan\u0131n ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe ve do\u011faya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla gerekli ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atmamak ve ekonomik s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fin devam etmesi i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe sahip ekosistemleri tahrip etmek, pek \u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rde milyonlarca dolarl\u0131k kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Kimlik \u00dczerindeki Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck dinler do\u011fal unsurlar\u0131 ve t\u00fcrleri birer sembol olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu durum k\u00fclt\u00fcrler ve ulusal kimlikler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Hatta g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda 142 \u00fclkede 231 t\u00fcr, resm\u00ee ulusal sembol olarak tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Fakat s\u00f6z konusu 231 t\u00fcr\u00fcn %30’luk k\u0131sm\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 bug\u00fcn tehdit alt\u0131nda. Bu t\u00fcrlerin ortadan kalkmas\u0131; dini sembollerin, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlat\u0131lar\u0131n ve ulusal kimliklerin de ortadan kalkmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda dini sembollerin, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin ve kimliklerin korunmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na da gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Korumak \u0130\u00e7in Neler Yap\u0131labilir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak genellikle bireysel \u00e7abalardan ziyade k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bir kavram. Asl\u0131nda bu bir bak\u0131ma da do\u011fru. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fcresel olarak yap\u0131lacak hamleler, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131na ciddi katk\u0131lar sa\u011flayabilir. Tabii bu biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in bireysel anlamda yapabilece\u011finiz baz\u0131 \u015feylerin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na da gelmiyor. \u0130\u015fte biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in atabilece\u011finiz ad\u0131mlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Tar\u0131m Uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 Benimseyebilirsiniz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tar\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 benimsemek, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi koruman\u0131n anahtarlar\u0131ndan biridir. Kimyasal kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p “Entegre Zararl\u0131 Y\u00f6netimi (IPM)” gibi y\u00f6ntemlere ge\u00e7i\u015f yapan \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, t\u00fcketicilere zararl\u0131 kimyasal i\u00e7ermeyen y\u00fcksek kaliteli \u00fcr\u00fcnler sunar. Bu nedenle topra\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve verimlili\u011fini korumak i\u00e7in organik tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemleri kullanmak, damla sulama ya da ya\u011fmur suyunu biriktirme gibi y\u00f6ntemlerle su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmek gibi y\u00f6ntemler s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tar\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n devam ettirilmesine katk\u0131da bulunur. Siz de \u00e7ift\u00e7ilikle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z zararl\u0131 kimyasallardan uzak durabilir, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi koruyan tar\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 benimseyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ar\u0131lar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131na Destek Olabilirsiniz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ar\u0131lar, ekosistemlerin ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin devam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hayati \u00f6neme sahip. Her biri pek \u00e7ok bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131nda ve tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin desteklenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol \u00fcstleniyor. Fakat ne yaz\u0131k ki bug\u00fcn ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonu ciddi anlamda tehdit alt\u0131nda. Oysa herkesin yapabilece\u011fi baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u015feyler ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunun yeniden \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Bu dokunu\u015flardan \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan ad\u0131mlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Ar\u0131lara uygun bir habitat olu\u015fturabilmek ve s\u00fcrekli besin bulmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ad\u0131na nektar \u00fcreten k\u0131r \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri dikmek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ar\u0131lar\u0131n kolonilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerini sa\u011flayacak ar\u0131 kutular\u0131 in\u015fa etmek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Pestisit gibi zararl\u0131 kimyasallar\u0131 kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ar\u0131lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik toplumsal e\u011fitim programlar\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7lendirme kampanyalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ar\u0131 kolonileri i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehdit olarak kabul edilen ve varrao akar\u0131 olarak nitelenen parazitlerle m\u00fccadele etmek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Ar\u0131lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 do\u011fal dengenin de korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve gelecek nesillerin \u00e7ok daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama ihtimalini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Su Tasarrufu Yapabilirsiniz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      D\u00fcnyam\u0131zdaki tatl\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z de\u011fil. Ekosistemlerin ve canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bu s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 su kaynaklar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. Bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca su tasarrufu yapmak bile biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131na ciddi bir katk\u0131d\u0131r. Su tasarrufu yapmak i\u00e7in alabilece\u011finiz \u00f6nlemlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Du\u015f s\u00fcrelerini k\u0131saltabilirsiniz,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Elleri ve bula\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 y\u0131karken, di\u015f f\u0131r\u00e7alarken suyun gereksiz akmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilirsiniz,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Du\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda ve musluklarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ak\u0131\u015fl\u0131 modelleri tercih edebilirsiniz,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Gri su art\u0131ma sistemleri sayesinde evsel su at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131tarak bu suyu bah\u00e7e sulama gibi i\u015flerde kullanabilirsiniz,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Varsa su s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 onarabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Yerel Ekosistemlerin Korunmas\u0131na Yard\u0131m Edebilirsiniz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u00d6zellikle son y\u0131llarda yayg\u0131nla\u015fan a\u00e7\u0131k hava etkinlikleri, yerel ekosistemlerin zarar g\u00f6rmesine neden olabiliyor. Bu da o b\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fcrler i\u00e7in ciddi bir tehdit demek. Do\u011fa y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fleri gibi a\u00e7\u0131k hava etkinliklerine kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in \u015fu \u00f6nemli noktalara dikkat etmenizde fayda var:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Do\u011fal alanlarda kurallara uyun,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Yerel bitki t\u00fcrlerini toplamak hem bu t\u00fcrlerin pop\u00fclasyonunun azalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir hem ba\u015fka canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin beslenme d\u00fczenine zarar verebilir. Bu sebeple yerel bitki t\u00fcrlerine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterin,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve evcil hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 do\u011fa ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik konusunda e\u011fitin,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Do\u011fadaki at\u0131klar\u0131 toplay\u0131n ve geride \u00e7\u00f6p b\u0131rakmay\u0131n,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n temizlenmesi, yerel bitki t\u00fcrlerinin ekilmesi ve \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi konularda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere \u00e7evre koruma kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7evre g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcs\u00fc olun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Yerel Tar\u0131m\u0131 Destekleyebilir ve S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00dcr\u00fcnleri T\u00fcketmeye \u00d6zen G\u00f6sterebilirsiniz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z her \u00fcr\u00fcne dikkat etmelisiniz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 \u00fcreticiler \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini haz\u0131rlarken biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe zarar veren ad\u0131mlar atabiliyor. Faaliyetlerini aktif olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcren baz\u0131 topluluklar, sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ya da hizmetlerin ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesinde katk\u0131s\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Siz de bu gibi etiketleri takip ederek t\u00fcketti\u011finiz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgulayabilir ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda bilin\u00e7li bir t\u00fcketiciye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yerel \u00fcreticilerden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yaparak lojisti\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 karbon ayak izini azaltabilirsiniz. Yerel \u00fcreticilerden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmak paran\u0131n yerel ekonomide kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tar\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in de fon olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Tehdit Eden Unsurlar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi tehdit eden unsurlar habitatlar\u0131n tahrip edilmesi, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, kirlilik, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcketim ve avlanma olmak \u00fczere 5 grupta incelenir. S\u00f6z konusu tehditlerle m\u00fccadele edilmesi ve bu tehdit unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin zenginle\u015fmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi tehdit eden bu unsurlar\u0131 da k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Habitat Tahribat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Habitat tahribat\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca insan faaliyetleri sonucunda do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesi \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz. Ekosistemlerin i\u015fleyi\u015finin bozulmas\u0131yla birlikte bitkilerin ve hayvanlar\u0131n hayatta kalma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 da giderek azal\u0131r. Habitat tahribat\u0131na neden olan en \u00f6nemli unsurlardan biriyse daha \u00e7ok kentlerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine ve odun ihtiyac\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ormanlar\u0131n yok edilmesidir. Ormans\u0131zla\u015fman\u0131n en can s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinden biri, Borneo ve Sumatra adalar\u0131nda palm ya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesi. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle orangutan gibi t\u00fcrlerin ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n daralmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn kentsel geli\u015fim ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015fgal edilmesi, habitat tahribat\u0131 yaratan unsurlar aras\u0131nda. Hem kara hem su ekosistemini olumsuz etkileyen bu durum, sulak alanlar\u0131n kurumas\u0131na neden olabiliyor. Do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve madencilik faaliyetleri de yine habitat tahribat\u0131na \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma, ekosistemler ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00fczerinde olumsuz etkiler yarat\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok t\u00fcr ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir. S\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n bu aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, pek \u00e7ok t\u00fcr\u00fcn ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eder. Benzer \u015fekilde \u0131s\u0131nma nedeniyle deniz seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesi hem deniz hem k\u0131y\u0131 ekosistemini olumsuz etkiler. Ormanlar, tuz batakl\u0131klar\u0131 ve mercan resifleri de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok ekosistem zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Deniz kaplumba\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n yumurtlama alanlar\u0131n\u0131n sular alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131, deniz seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesine g\u00f6sterilebilecek k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00f6rneklerden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ekstrem hava olaylar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131na da neden olur. Kas\u0131rga, sel, kurakl\u0131k ve orman yang\u0131n\u0131 gibi do\u011fal felaketler ekosistemlerin i\u015fleyi\u015fini bozar. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avustralya’da ya\u015fanan ekolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlar, milyonlarca hayvan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ve 350 milyon ton karbondioksitin atmosfere sal\u0131nmas\u0131na neden oldu. Benzer \u015fekilde buzullar\u0131n erimeye ba\u015flamas\u0131yla kutup ay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 da ciddi \u015fekilde darald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Kirlilik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Su, hava ve toprak kirlili\u011fi biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehdittir. A\u011f\u0131r metallerin ve kimyasallar\u0131n su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kirletmesi sadece suda ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in de\u011fil, t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in risk olu\u015fturur. Sanayi at\u0131klar\u0131, madencilik faaliyetlerinde kullan\u0131lan kimyasallar baz\u0131 t\u00fcrlerde toksin birikmesine neden olarak \u00fcreme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir. Hava kirlili\u011fi ise asit ya\u011fmurlar\u0131na ve toksik gazlara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011finden hem bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcne hem su kaynaklar\u0131na zarar verir. Ayr\u0131ca bitkilerin fotosentez yapma kapasiteleri d\u00fc\u015fece\u011finden orman ekosistemleri de zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          D\u00fcnyam\u0131z i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlikelerden biri olan plastik kirlili\u011fi de \u00f6zellikle suda ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in ciddi bir tehdit olu\u015fturur. Mikroplastik t\u00fcketimi nedeniyle suda ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar ve deniz ku\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hem sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem t\u00fcrlerinin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehdit alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 T\u00fcketim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmayacak seviyede t\u00fcketiliyor. Bu durumun en temel nedenleri, madencilik faaliyetleri ve kentsel geli\u015fim gibi nedenlerle artan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7 kesimi, tar\u0131m ve yerle\u015fim i\u00e7in arazi a\u00e7maya ba\u011fl\u0131 orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 ve su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Amazon ormanlar\u0131n\u0131n ciddi oranda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve Aral G\u00f6l\u00fc’n\u00fcn kurumas\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcketimin ciddi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Avlanma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve ka\u00e7ak avlanma, pek \u00e7ok deniz ve kara canl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n pop\u00fclasyonunu tehlikeye atar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, mavi y\u00fczge\u00e7li orkinos gibi t\u00fcrler a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ciddi bir pop\u00fclasyon kayb\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Belirli t\u00fcrlerin pop\u00fclasyonunun azalmas\u0131 besin zinciri \u00fczerinde de olumsuz etkilere sahip oldu\u011fundan deniz ekosisteminin i\u015fleyi\u015fini bozar. Bu da biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin zarar g\u00f6rmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Benzer \u015fekilde gergedanlar\u0131n boynuzlar\u0131, fillerin ise di\u015fleri i\u00e7in yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yollarla avlan\u0131yor olmas\u0131, bu t\u00fcrlerin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da riske atar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Daha Ya\u015fanabilir Bir D\u00fcnya \u0130\u00e7in Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi Korumal\u0131y\u0131z!<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunamamas\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ekolojik dengesine zarar verir. Bu durum zamanla sadece tehlikedeki t\u00fcrler i\u00e7in de\u011fil, bizim i\u00e7in de d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ya\u015fanamaz h\u00e2le getirebilir. Oysa hem bireysel \u00e7abalarla hem h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nleyici tedbirlerle biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tar\u0131m politikalar\u0131, plastik \u00fcretimini ve t\u00fcketimini en aza indirmek gibi karbon ayak izini azaltan \u00f6nlemler biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          QuickCarbon olarak geli\u015ftirdi\u011fimiz kullan\u0131c\u0131 dostu yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131m\u0131zla kurumsal karbon izinizi 14064-1:2018 standard\u0131 ve GHG Protocol\u2019e g\u00f6re hesaplay\u0131p raporlaman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm sunuyoruz. Siz de bizimle hemen ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7erek kurumsal ayak izinizi hesaplamaya ba\u015flayabilir, karbon ayak izinizi azaltmak ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131na destek olmak i\u00e7in stratejiler geli\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin azalmas\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7ok olumsuz etkileri var ve bu azalma riski daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar ciddi seviyeye gelmi\u015f durumda. Bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerinden biri, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zm\u0131\u015f gibi kullanmas\u0131 ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten yap\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atm\u0131yor olmas\u0131. Peki, biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik neden \u00f6nemli?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1227,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[51],"class_list":["post-1220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-biyocesitlilik"],"yoast_head":"\nBiyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik Nedir? - QuickCarbon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin azalmas\u0131n\u0131n pek \u00e7ok olumsuz etkileri var ve bu azalma riski daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar ciddi seviyeye gelmi\u015f durumda. Bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerinden biri, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zm\u0131\u015f gibi kullanmas\u0131 ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten yap\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atm\u0131yor olmas\u0131. 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Bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerinden biri, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zm\u0131\u015f gibi kullanmas\u0131 ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 ad\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten yap\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atm\u0131yor olmas\u0131. 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